OH MY THERE IS VOMIT AND STOOL EVERYWHERE!

By Dr. M. Cooper Paediatrician

 In Jamaica we recently experienced a natural disaster which has interrupted the water supply to many homes. Unfortunately, this puts us at risk, for several infections including Gastroenteritis.

Gastroenteritis is an infection in your stomach and intestines which are caused by viruses, bacteria and parasites. The most common cause is viruses. Your child can get these germs by ingesting contaminated food or water, poor hygiene or coming in contact with an infected person. Sometimes kids tend to share each other food and drinks when in a group setting and this is another way of them getting the infection.



Symptoms to look out for:

-vomiting

-diarrhoea

-abdominal pain

-fever

-refusing to eat and drink

-lethargy

-irritability

-decreased wet diapers or less frequent urination

-thirst

-weight loss


Treatment

Sorry parents there is no specific treatment for this illness. The main goal is to prevent or treat dehydration.

Most times these children can be treated at home with rehydration fluids. Babies can continue breastfeeding more frequently as breastmilk is a good rehydration fluid. For older children it is best to get the rehydration fluid that is sold over the counter at your local pharmacy. Making your own SALT and WATER at home is not equivalent to rehydration fluids. Avoid juice and soda as the sugar content will make the diarrhea worse.

If your child vomits then aim to give small amounts (for example 1 teaspoon) of rehydration fluids every few minutes. Always aim to replace all vomit and loose stool with rehydration fluids. Acetaminophen can be used for pain and fever.

When your child stops vomiting you can give small amounts of solid food. If there is no vomiting, they can take their regular diet

Your child should stay out of daycare or school until there is no fever, vomit or diarrhea for at least 24 hours.

When to go to the doctor:

-signs of dehydration- This includes no tears when crying, dry mouth, less urine seen, sleeping more and lethargic

-not tolerating rehydration fluids

-symptoms going on for more than a few days

-blood in vomit or stool

Prevention

Good hand hygiene is very important to teach your kids. Ensure to avoid food and water that looks or has an increased chance of being contaminated. Rotavirus is one of the common viruses that can cause gastroenteritis. There is a Rotavirus vaccine which can be administered by your pediatrician for babies to help prevent this illness.


Most times gastroenteritis can be treated at home, however occasionally children get admitted for severe symptoms.


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